准一维半导体量子点中电偶极自旋共振的物理机理

半导体量子点中的电子自旋具有较长相干时间以及可扩展性的特点, 在近十几年来引起了人们的广泛兴趣. 人们常常利用电子自旋共振技术来对单个自旋进行操纵. 这样不但需要一个静磁场来使电子产生赛曼劈裂, 同时还需要一个与之垂直的局域振荡磁场. 但是, 在实验上产生足够强且具有固定频率的局域磁场是比较困难的. 后来人们发现, 局域的振荡电场也可以操纵单个电子自旋, 也就是所谓的电偶极自旋共振. 众所周知, 自旋只有自旋磁矩, 不会与电场有任何直接的相互作用. 所以, 电偶极自旋共振的发生必须依赖于某些媒质. 这些媒质包括：量子点材料中的自旋轨道耦合作用, 量子点中的局域磁场梯度, 以及量子点中电子自旋与核自旋的超精细相互作用. 这些媒质能诱导出自旋与电场之间间接的相互作用, 从而外电场操纵单个电子自旋得以实现. 本文总结归纳了目前半导体量子点系统中发生电偶极自旋共振的三种主要物理机理.     

空间弥散X射线对脉冲星导航精度的影响

基于RXTE卫星天基数据,建立了时空坐标系转换、时间修正及历元折叠方法,构建了用于提取导航信息的Crab脉冲星轮廓,剖析了该天基载荷结构及特性,对卫星运行空间背景辐射进行了模拟计算。结果表明,在设定导航条件下,空间弥散X射线对航天器单星定轨及多星定位影响在km量级以上。同时阐述了实用化脉冲星导航探测中,改进导航定位精度急需注意的技术问题。     

Molecular engineering of CxNy: Topologies,electronic structures and multidisciplinary applications

As a class of metal-free two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor materials, polymeric carbon nitrides have attracted wide attention recently due to its facile regulation of the molecular and electronic structures, availability in abundance and high stability. According to the different ratios of C and N atoms in the framework, a series of C_xN_y materials have been successfully synthesized by virtue of various precursors, which further triggers extensive investigations of broad applications ranging from sustainable photocatalytic reactions and highly sensitive optoelectronic biosensing. In view of topological structures on their electronic structures and material properties, the as-reported C_xN_y could be generally classified into two main categories with three- or six-bond-extending frameworks. Owing to the effective n→π* transition in most C_xN_y materials, the relative energy level of the lone-pair electrons on N atoms is high, which thus endows the materials with the capability of visible light absorption. Meanwhile, the different repeating units, bridging groups and defect sites of these two kinds of C_xN_y allow them to effectively drive a diverse of promising applications that require specific electronic, interfacial and geometric properties. This review paper aims to summarize the recent progress in topological structure design and the relevant electronic band structures and striking properties of C_xN_y materials. In the final part, we also discuss the existing challenges of C_xN_y and outlook the prospect possibilities.     

Evaluation of radiation damage behavior in polyimide aerogel by infrared camera and photoacoustic spectroscopy

In this work, the optical absorption and thermal properties of polyimide aerogel have been investigated by Infrared Camera, ultraviolet–visible and photoacoustic spectroscopy under low energy proton irradiation. The characterization method of the infrared camera can obtain the optical absorption ratio, and meanwhile get the information of specific heat capacity. Moreover, it can acquire the nature information of damaged area rather than the overall performance. The results show an increase in optical absorption after proton irradiation, which is in good coincidence with Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy analysis. And the specific heat capacity decreased linearly with proton fluences, which can be attributed to the irradiation damage and carbonization in polyimide aerogel. The Raman spectra suggested the cleavage of chemical bonds and carbonization in polyimide aerogel. This work provides the novel, non-destructive and sensitive methods to characterize irradiation damage of aerogel.     

金属硫化物在可充电电池中的研究进展

低成本、长寿命、高安全性、高性能且易于大规模生产的锂/钠离子电池已被证实为重要的二次储能设备。 电极材料对锂/钠电池性能与循环寿命影响极大,金属硫化物由于具有高比容量和低电势而极具潜力成为锂/钠离子电池负极材料。 在电化学循环过程中,由于金属硫化物容易产生穿梭效应和体积变化,从而电极材料结构被破坏,进一步导致电池容量衰退、稳定性降低。 本文总结了多种金属硫化物的微观结构调控策略,从三维空间构建到与其它材料的复合,增强了电极的导电性和减缓体积变化带来的负面影响,进而获得性能优异的金属硫化物负极材料。 通过对金属硫化物的结构与性能的讨论,对其研究前景进行了积极的展望。     

Orbit determination and time synchronization for a GEO/IGSO satellite navigation constellation with regional tracking network

Aiming at regional services,the space segment of COMPASS (Phase I) satellite navigation system is a constellation of Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO),Inclined Geostationary Earth Orbit (IGSO) and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites.Precise orbit determination (POD) for the satellites is limited by the geographic distribution of regional tracking stations.Independent time synchronization (TS) system is developed to supplement the regional tracking network,and satellite clock errors and orbit data may be obtai...     

空间相机电控机箱的热设计及仿真分析

为了保证空间相机电控机箱在轨运行期间的工作温度满足使用要求,根据电控机箱的结构特点和导热路径,对电控机箱内部大功耗电子元器件进行了详细热控设计,解决了某些电子元器件发热量大、导热路径较长的问题。以某个典型元器件为例,进行了散热效果估算。最后应用有限元分析软件IDEAS-TMG建立了详细的电控机箱热分析有限元模型,根据电控机箱所处温度边界条件进行了稳态仿真分析,给出了电控机箱整体的热响应性能、印制线路板（PCB）及板上大功耗电子元器件的稳态温度分布云图,结果显示,PCB的温度为40.6～51.1℃,板上大功耗电子元器件的结温为46.3～62.5℃,均满足热控设计的指标要求。热分析结果表明电控机箱热设计合理可行,能够满足使用要求。     

一种结合Roe格式的高精度半拉氏方法

针对守恒形式的欧拉方程组, 构造了一种结合Roe格式的守恒型有限体 积形式的半拉氏方法. 通过发展一种基于Roe特征速度的拉氏质点回溯方法, 由此来计算 半点的流量并作为边界通量的近似, 使得这种半拉氏方法在时空离散上达到二阶精度, 并 且保证了守恒性. 其中回溯点处物理量采用本质无振荡格式(ENO)方法进行插值重 构得到, 不需要增加人工黏性且避免了有限体积多矩半拉氏方法中限制器选择的问题, 又能够达到时空的高阶精度. 方法简便, 易于实现, 兼具拉氏方法和欧拉方法的优点. 一维和二维数值算例表明, 此方法对激波和接触间断都取得了满意的模拟效果, 可用于可压缩复杂流动问题的计算.     

表面活性物质对液体晃动阻尼影响分析及计算

对表面活性物质对液体晃动阻尼 的影响进行了理论分析, 针对液体小幅自由晃动对表面活性物质耗散阻尼计算公式进行了推 导. 在此基础上提出了结合液体晃动有限元计算的表面活性物质耗散阻尼的数值计算方法. 通过将算例结果与实验值和理论分析结果进行比较, 数值方法的有效性得到了验证.     

波后慢放能过程对钝感炸药爆轰过程的影响

采用唯象反应率模型与慢放能函数相结合方法,研究钝感炸药波后缓慢放能过程对爆轰过程的影响,计算结果与实验对比分析表明,慢放能反应率模型可更好地描述钝感炸药的爆轰物理过程.